Термопары остаются одним из наиболее востребованных средств измерения температуры в промышленности благодаря своей надежности и широкому температурному диапазону. Основой для их правильного применения служит таблица номинальных статических характеристик (НСХ), регламентирующая зависимость термо-ЭДС от температуры.
Термоэлементы состоят из двух разнородных проводников (термоэлектродов), соединенных между собой на одном конце и образующих часть системы, использующей для измерения температуры термоэлектрическое явление (явление Зеебека). Сущность термоэлектрического явления состоит в возникновении термоэлектрической силы (термоэдс.) в результате разницы температур между двумя спаями: измерительным (соединенные концы термоэлемента), на который воздействует измеряемая температура, и эталонным (несоединенные свободные концы термоэлектродов), температура которого известна (чаще всего 0°C).
Содержание
При работе с таблицами НСХ следует учитывать:
Величина термоэдс (напряжения) между спаями для эталонной температуры 0°C указывается в таблицах ниже согл. PN–EN60584-1:1997
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
-200 | -7,890 | -8,095 | ||||||||
-100 | -4,633 | -5,037 | 5,426 | -5,801 | -6,159 | -6,500 | -6,821 | -7,123 | -7,403 | 7.659 |
0 | 0,000 | -0,501 | -9,950 | -1,482 | -1,961 | -2,431 | -2,893 | -3,344 | -3,788 | -4,215 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
+0 | 0 | 0,507 | 1,019 | 1,537 | 2,059 | 2,585 | 3,116 | 3,650 | 4,187 | 4,726 |
100 | 5,269 | 5,814 | 6,360 | 6,909 | 7,459 | 8,010 | 8,562 | 9,115 | 9,669 | 10,244 |
200 | 10,779 | 11,334 | 11,889 | 12,445 | 13,000 | 13,555 | 14,110 | 14,665 | 15,219 | 15,773 |
300 | 16,327 | 16,881 | 17,434 | 17,986 | 18,538 | 19,090 | 19,642 | 20,194 | 20,745 | 21,297 |
400 | 21,848 | 22,400 | 22,952 | 23,504 | 24,057 | 24,610 | 25,164 | 25,720 | 26,276 | 26,834 |
500 | 27,393 | 27,953 | 28,516 | 29,080 | 29,647 | 30,216 | 30,788 | 31,362 | 31,939 | 32,519 |
600 | 33,102 | 33,689 | 34,279 | 34,873 | 35,470 | 36,071 | 36,675 | 37,284 | 37,896 | 38,512 |
700 | 31,132 | 39,755 | 40,382 | 41,012 | 41,645 | 42,281 | 42,919 | 43,559 | 44,203 | 44,848 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
-200 | -5,891 | -6,035 | -6,158 | -6,262 | -6,344 | -6,404 | -6,441 | -6,458 | ||
-100 | -3,554 | -3,852 | -4,138 | -4,411 | -4,669 | -4,913 | -5,141 | -5,354 | -5,550 | -5,730 |
0 | 0,000 | -0,392 | -0,778 | -1,156 | -1,527 | -1,889 | -2,243 | -2,587 | -2,910 | -3,243 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
+0 | 0,000 | 0,397 | 0,798 | 1,203 | 1,612 | 2,023 | 2,436 | 2,851 | 3,267 | 3,682 |
100 | 4,096 | 4,509 | 4,920 | 5,328 | 5,735 | 6,138 | 6,540 | 6,941 | 7,340 | 7,738 |
200 | 8,138 | 8,539 | 8,940 | 9,343 | 9,747 | 10,153 | 10,561 | 10,971 | 11,382 | 11,795 |
300 | 12,209 | 12,624 | 13,040 | 13,457 | 13,874 | 14,293 | 14,713 | 15,133 | 15,554 | 15,957 |
400 | 16,397 | 16,820 | 17,243 | 17,667 | 18,091 | 18,516 | 18,941 | 19,366 | 19,792 | 20,218 |
500 | 20,644 | 21,071 | 21,497 | 21,924 | 22,350 | 22,776 | 23,203 | 23,629 | 24,055 | 24,480 |
600 | 24,905 | 25,330 | 25,755 | 26,179 | 26,602 | 27,025 | 27,447 | 27,869 | 28,289 | 28,710 |
700 | 29,129 | 29,548 | 29,965 | 30,382 | 30,798 | 31,213 | 31,628 | 32,041 | 32,453 | 32,865 |
800 | 33,275 | 33,685 | 34,093 | 34,501 | 34,908 | 35,313 | 35,718 | 36,121 | 36,524 | 36,925 |
900 | 37,326 | 37,725 | 38,124 | 38,522 | 38,918 | 39,314 | 39,708 | 40,101 | 40,494 | 40,885 |
1000 | 41,276 | 41,665 | 42,053 | 42,440 | 42,826 | 43,211 | 43,595 | 43,978 | 44,359 | 44,740 |
1100 | 45,119 | 45,797 | 45,873 | 46,249 | 46,623 | 46,995 | 47,367 | 47,737 | 48,105 | 48,473 |
1200 | 48,838 | 49,292 | 49,565 | 49,926 | 50,286 | 50,664 | 51,000 | 51,355 | 51,708 | 52,060 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
0- | 0 | -0,053 | -0,103 | -0,15 | -0,194 | -0,236 | ||||
0 | 0 | 0,055 | 0,113 | 0,173 | 0,235 | 0,299 | 0,365 | 0,433 | 0,502 | 0,573 |
100 | 0,646 | 0,72 | 0,795 | 0,872 | 0,95 | 1,029 | 1,11 | 1,191 | 1,273 | 1,357 |
200 | 1,441 | 1,526 | 1,612 | 1,698 | 1,786 | 1,874 | 1,962 | 2,052 | 2,141 | 2,232 |
300 | 2,323 | 2,415 | 2,507 | 2,599 | 2,692 | 2,786 | 2,88 | 2,974 | 3,069 | 3,164 |
400 | 3,259 | 3,355 | 3,451 | 3,548 | 3,645 | 3,742 | 3,84 | 3,938 | 4,036 | 4,134 |
500 | 4,233 | 4,332 | 4,432 | 4,532 | 4,632 | 4,732 | 4,833 | 4,934 | 5,035 | 5,137 |
600 | 5,239 | 5,341 | 5,443 | 5,546 | 5,649 | 5,753 | 5,857 | 5,961 | 6,065 | 6,170 |
700 | 6,275 | 6,381 | 6,486 | 6,593 | 6,699 | 6,806 | 6,913 | 7,02 | 7,128 | 7,236 |
800 | 7,345 | 7,454 | 7,563 | 7,673 | 7,783 | 7,893 | 8,003 | 8,114 | 8,226 | 8,337 |
900 | 8,449 | 8,562 | 8,674 | 8,787 | 8,9 | 9,014 | 9,128 | 9,242 | 9,357 | 9,427 |
1000 | 9,587 | 9,703 | 9,819 | 9,935 | 10,051 | 10,168 | 10,285 | 10,403 | 10,52 | 10,638 |
1100 | 10,757 | 10,875 | 10,994 | 11,113 | 11,232 | 11,351 | 11,471 | 11,590 | 11,710 | 11,827 |
1200 | 11,951 | 12,071 | 12,191 | 12,312 | 12,433 | 12,554 | 12,675 | 12,796 | 12,917 | 13,038 |
1300 | 13,159 | 13,280 | 13,402 | 13,523 | 13,644 | 13,766 | 13,887 | 14,009 | 14,130 | 14,251 |
1400 | 14,373 | 14,494 | 14,615 | 14,736 | 14,857 | 14,978 | 15,099 | 15,220 | 15,341 | 15,461 |
1500 | 15,582 | 15,702 | 15,822 | 15,942 | 16,062 | 16,182 | 16,301 | 16,420 | 16,539 | 16,658 |
1600 | 16,777 | 16,895 | 17,013 | 17,131 | 17,249 | 17,366 | 17,483 | 17,600 | 17,717 | 17,832 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
600 | 1,792 | 1,852 | 1,913 | 1,975 | 2,037 | 2,101 | 2,165 | 2,23 | 2,296 | 2,363 |
700 | 2,431 | 2,499 | 2,569 | 2,639 | 2,71 | 2,782 | 2,854 | 2,928 | 3,002 | 3,078 |
800 | 3,154 | 3,23 | 3,308 | 3,386 | 3,466 | 3,546 | 3,626 | 3,708 | 3,79 | 3,873 |
900 | 3,957 | 4,041 | 4,127 | 4,213 | 4,299 | 4,387 | 4,475 | 4,504 | 4,653 | 4,743 |
1000 | 4,834 | 4,926 | 5,018 | 5,111 | 5,205 | 5,299 | 5,394 | 5,489 | 5,585 | 5,682 |
1100 | 5,78 | 5,878 | 5,976 | 6,075 | 6,175 | 6,276 | 6,377 | 6,478 | 6,58 | 6,683 |
1200 | 6,786 | 6,89 | 6,995 | 7,1 | 7,205 | 7,311 | 7,417 | 7,524 | 7,632 | 7,740 |
1300 | 7,848 | 7,957 | 8,068 | 8,176 | 8,286 | 8,397 | 8,508 | 8,62 | 8,731 | 8,844 |
1400 | 8,956 | 9,069 | 9,182 | 9,296 | 9,41 | 9,524 | 9,639 | 9,753 | 9,868 | 9,984 |
1500 | 10,99 | 10,215 | 10,331 | 10,447 | 10,563 | 10,679 | 10,796 | 10,913 | 11,029 | 11,146 |
1600 | 11,263 | 11,38 | 11,497 | 11,614 | 11,731 | 11,848 | 11,965 | 12,082 | 12,199 | 12,316 |
1700 | 12,433 | 12,549 | 12,666 | 12,782 | 12,898 | 13,014 | 13,13 | 13,246 | 13,361 | 13,476 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
0 | 0 | 0,097 | 0,199 | 0,305 | 0,414 | 0.527 | 0,644 | 0,764 | 0.888 | 1,015 |
100 | 1,145 | 1,278 | 1,414 | 1,553 | 1,695 | 1,840 | 1,987 | 2,137 | 2,289 | 2,444 |
200 | 2,602 | 2,761 | 2,923 | 3,085 | 3,252 | 3,420 | 3,590 | 3,761 | 3,934 | 4,109 |
300 | 4,266 | 4,464 | 4,644 | 4,825 | 5,007 | 5,191 | 5,376 | 5,563 | 5,750 | 6,939 |
400 | 6,129 | 6,320 | 6,512 | 6,704 | 6,898 | 7,093 | 7,288 | 7,484 | 7,681 | 7,878 |
500 | 8,076 | 8,275 | 8,474 | 8,674 | 8,874 | 9,075 | 9,276 | 9,478 | 9,880 | 9,883 |
600 | 10,085 | 10,288 | 10,491 | 10,695 | 10,899 | 11,102 | 11,307 | 11,511 | 11,715 | 11,919 |
700 | 12,124 | 12,329 | 12,533 | 12,738 | 12,942 | 13,147 | 13,362 | 13,556 | 13,761 | 13,965 |
800 | 14,170 | 14,375 | 14,580 | 14,784 | 14,898 | 15,193 | 15,397 | 15,601 | 15,804 | 16,003 |
900 | 16,211 | 16,414 | 16,616 | 16,819 | 17,021 | 17,222 | 17,424 | 17,625 | 17,826 | 18,026 |
1000 | 18,228 | 18,425 | 18,825 | 18,824 | 19,022 | 19,220 | 19,418 | 19,616 | 19,812 | 20,009 |
1100 | 20,205 | 20,401 | 20,596 | 20,791 | 20,985 | 21,179 | 21,373 | 21,566 | 21,758 | 21,950 |
1200 | 22,142 | 22,333 | 22,524 | 22,714 | 22,901 | 23,094 | 23,282 | 23,471 | 23,669 | 23,848 |
1300 | 21,033 | 24,219 | 24,405 | 24,591 | 24,776 | 24,980 | 25,144 | 26,327 | 26,510 | 25,693 |
1400 | 25,875 | 26,056 | 26,237 | 26,418 | 26,597 | 26,777 | 26,958 | 27,134 | 27,312 | 27,489 |
1500 | 27,668 | 27,842 | 28,018 | 28,193 | 28,367 | 28,541 | 28,715 | 28,888 | 29,060 | 29,232 |
1600 | 29,403 | 29,574 | 29,744 | 29,914 | 30,083 | 30,251 | 30,419 | 30,588 | 30,753 | 30,919 |
1700 | 31,084 | 31,249 | 31,413 | 31,578 | 31,739 | 31,901 | 32,083 | 32,223 | 32,384 | 32,543 |
1800 | 32,702 | 32,880 | 33,017 | 33,173 | 33,329 | 33,484 | 33,638 | 33,792 | 33,944 | 34,098 |
1900 | 34,247 | 34,397 | 34,548 | 34,695 | 34,842 | 34,988 | 35,134 | 35,279 | 35,423 | 35,566 |
2000 | 35,707 | 35,847 | 35,987 | 36,125 | 36,263 | 36,399 | 36,534 | 36,668 | 36,801 | 36,932 |
2100 | 37,062 | 37,191 | 37,319 | 37,445 | 37,570 | 37,694 | 37,816 | 37,937 | 38,066 | 38,173 |
2200 | 38,289 | 38,404 | 38,517 | 38,628 | 38,737 | 38,845 | 38,951 | 39,055 | 39,157 | 39,258 |
2300 | 39,358 | 39,452 | 39,547 | 39,639 | 39,729 | 39,817 | 39,903 | 39,986 | 40,088 | 40,148 |
2400 | 40,233 | 40,297 | 40,368 | 40,437 | 40,503 | 40,566 | 40,627 | 40,685 | 40,740 | 40,792 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
0 | 0 | 0,135 | 0,272 | 0.412 | 0,554 | 0,698 | 0,845 | 0,993 | 1,144 | 1,296 |
100 | 1,451 | 1,607 | 1,765 | 1,926 | 2,087 | 2,250 | 2,415 | 2,581 | 2,749 | 2,918 |
200 | 3,089 | 3,281 | 3,434 | 3,609 | 3,785 | 3,962 | 4,140 | 4,319 | 4,500 | 4,681 |
300 | 4,863 | 5,047 | 5,231 | 5,416 | 5,601 | 5,788 | 5,975 | 6,163 | 6,362 | 6,541 |
400 | 6,731 | 6,921 | 7,112 | 7,304 | 7,496 | 7,688 | 7,881 | 8,074 | 8,267 | 8,481 |
500 | 8,655 | 8,849 | 9,044 | 9,239 | 9,434 | 9,629 | 9,824 | 10,019 | 10,215 | 10,410 |
600 | 10,606 | 10,601 | 10,997 | 11,192 | 11,388 | 11,583 | 11,778 | 11,974 | 12,169 | 12,364 |
700 | 12,558 | 12,753 | 12,947 | 13,142 | 13,336 | 13,529 | 13,723 | 13,916 | 14,109 | 14,302 |
800 | 14,494 | 14,688 | 14,877 | 15,069 | 15,260 | 15,450 | 15,840 | 15,830 | 16,020 | 16,208 |
900 | 16,397 | 16,585 | 16,773 | 16,960 | 17,147 | 17,333 | 17,519 | 17,704 | 17,880 | 18,073 |
1000 | 18,267 | 18,440 | 18,623 | 18,805 | 18,987 | 19,168 | 19,349 | 19,529 | 19,709 | 19,888 |
1100 | 20,066 | 20,244 | 20,421 | 20,598 | 20,774 | 20,950 | 21,125 | 21,299 | 21,473 | 21,647 |
1200 | 21,819 | 21,991 | 22,163 | 22,334 | 22,504 | 22,674 | 22,843 | 23,012 | 23,180 | 23,347 |
1300 | 23,514 | 23,680 | 23,848 | 24,010 | 24,175 | 24,330 | 24,502 | 24,664 | 24,826 | 24,988 |
1400 | 25,148 | 25,308 | 25,468 | 25,627 | 25,785 | 25,943 | 26,100 | 26,266 | 26,412 | 26,568 |
1500 | 26,722 | 26,876 | 27,030 | 27,183 | 27,335 | 27486 | 27,637 | 27,788 | 27,938 | 28,087 |
1600 | 28,238 | 28,384 | 28,531 | 28,678 | 28,824 | 28,989 | 29,114 | 29,259 | 29,402 | 29,546 |
1700 | 29,688 | 29,830 | 29,971 | 30,112 | 20,282 | 30,391 | 30,530 | 30,688 | 30,805 | 30,942 |
1800 | 31,078 | 31,214 | 31,349 | 31,483 | 31,817 | 31,749 | 31,882 | 32,013 | 32,144 | 32,274 |
1900 | 32,404 | 32,533 | 32,861 | 32,788 | 32,915 | 33,041 | 33,168 | 33,291 | 33,415 | 33,538 |
2000 | 33,680 | 33,782 | 33,902 | 34,022 | 34,142 | 34,260 | 34,378 | 34,494 | 34,610 | 34,725 |
2100 | 34,839 | 34,953 | 35,055 | 35,177 | 35,288 | 35,397 | 35,508 | 35,614 | 35,721 | 35,827 |
2200 | 35,932 | 36,036 | 36,138 | 36,240 | 36,341 | 36,441 | 36,539 | 36,637 | 36,733 | 36,828 |
2300 | 36,922 | 37,015 | 37,107 |
°C | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
1000 | 14,500 | 14,700 | 14,900 | 15,100 | 15,300 | 15,500 | 15,700 | 15,900 | 16,100 | 16,300 |
1100 | 16,500 | 16,700 | 16,900 | 17,100 | 17,300 | 17,500 | 17,700 | 17,900 | 18,100 | 18,300 |
1200 | 18,500 | 18,700 | 18,900 | 19,100 | 19,300 | 19,500 | 19,700 | 19,900 | 20,100 | 20,300 |
1300 | 20,500 | 20,700 | 20,900 | 21,100 | 21,300 | 21,500 | 21,700 | 21,900 | 22,100 | 22,300 |
1400 | 22,500 | 22,700 | 22,900 | 23,100 | 23,300 | 23,500 | 23,700 | 23,900 | 24,100 | 24,300 |
1500 | 24,500 | 24,700 | 24,900 | 25,100 | 25,300 | 25,500 | 25,700 | 25,900 | 26,100 | 26,300 |
1600 | 26,500 | 26,700 | 26,900 | 27,100 | 27,300 | 27,500 | 27,700 | 27,900 | 28,100 | 28,300 |
1700 | 28,500 | 28,700 | 28,900 | 29,100 | 29,300 | 29,500 | 29,700 | 29,900 | 30,100 | 30,200 |
1800 | 30,400 | 30,600 | 30,800 | 31,000 | 31,200 | 31,300 | 31,500 | 31,700 | 31,900 | 32,100 |
1900 | 32,300 | 32,400 | 32,600 | 32,800 | 33,000 | 33,200 | 33,400 | 33,500 | 33,700 | 33,900 |
2000 | 34,100 | 34,300 | 34,400 | 34,600 | 34,800 | 34,900 | 35,100 | 35,200 | 35,400 | 35,600 |
2100 | 35,700 | 35,900 | 36,000 | 36,200 | 36,300 | 36,500 | 36,700 | 36,800 | 37,000 | 37,100 |
2200 | 37,300 | 37,400 | 37,600 | 37,800 | 37,900 | 38,100 | 38,200 | 38,300 | 38,500 | 38,600 |
2300 | 38,800 |
°C | -10 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 |
-260 | -9.835 | -9.833 | -9.831 | -9.828 | -9.825 | -9.821 | -9.817 | -9.813 | -9.808 | -9.802 | -9.797 |
-200 | -9.063 | -9.040 | -9.017 | -8.994 | -8.971 | -8.947 | -8.923 | -8.899 | -8.874 | -8.850 | -8.825 |
-150 | -7.632 | -7.597 | -7.563 | -7.528 | -7.493 | -7.458 | -7.423 | -7.387 | -7.351 | -7.315 | -7.279 |
-100 | -5.681 | -5.637 | -5.593 | -5.549 | -5.505 | -5.461 | -5.417 | -5.372 | -5.327 | -5.282 | -5.237 |
-90 | -5.237 | -5.192 | -5.147 | -5.101 | -5.055 | -5.009 | -4.963 | -4.917 | -4.871 | -4.824 | -4.777 |
-80 | -4.777 | -4.731 | -4.684 | -4.636 | -4.589 | -4.542 | -4.494 | -4.446 | -4.398 | -4.350 | -4.302 |
-70 | -4.302 | -4.254 | -4.205 | -4.156 | -4.107 | -4.058 | -4.009 | -3.960 | -3.911 | -3.861 | -3.811 |
-60 | -3.811 | -3.761 | -3.711 | -3.661 | -3.611 | -3.561 | -3.510 | -3.459 | -3.408 | -3.357 | -3.306 |
-50 | -3.306 | -3.255 | -3.204 | -3.152 | -3.100 | -3.048 | -2.996 | -2.944 | -2.892 | -2.840 | -2.787 |
-40 | -2.787 | -2.735 | -2.682 | -2.629 | -2.576 | -2.523 | -2.469 | -2.416 | -2.362 | -2.309 | -2.255 |
-30 | -2.255 | -2.201 | -2.147 | -2.093 | -2.038 | -1.984 | -1.929 | -1.874 | -1.820 | -1.765 | -1.709 |
-20 | -1.709 | -1.654 | -1.599 | -1.543 | -1.488 | -1.432 | -1.376 | -1.320 | -1.264 | -1.208 | -1.152 |
-10 | -1.152 | -1.095 | -1.039 | -0.982 | -0.925 | -0.868 | -0.811 | -0.754 | -0.697 | -0.639 | -0.582 |
0 | -0.582 | -0.524 | -0.466 | -0.408 | -0.350 | -0.292 | -0.234 | -0.176 | -0.117 | -0.059 | 0.000 |
°C | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
0 | 0.000 | 0.059 | 0.118 | 0.176 | 0.235 | 0.294 | 0.354 | 0.413 | 0.472 | 0.532 | 0.591 |
50 | 3.048 | 3.111 | 3.174 | 3.238 | 3.301 | 3.365 | 3.429 | 3.492 | 3.556 | 3.620 | 3.685 |
100 | 6.319 | 6.386 | 6.454 | 6.522 | 6.590 | 6.658 | 6.725 | 6.794 | 6.862 | 6.930 | 6.998 |
150 | 9.789 | 9.860 | 9.931 | 10.003 | 10.074 | 10.145 | 10.217 | 10.288 | 10.360 | 10.432 | 10.503 |
200 | 13.421 | 13.495 | 13.569 | 13.644 | 13.718 | 13.792 | 13.866 | 13.941 | 14.015 | 14.090 | 14.164 |
250 | 17.181 | 17.257 | 17.333 | 17.409 | 17.486 | 17.562 | 17.639 | 17.715 | 17.792 | 17.868 | 17.945 |
300 | 21.036 | 21.114 | 21.192 | 21.270 | 21.348 | 21.426 | 21.504 | 21.582 | 21.660 | 21.739 | 21.817 |
350 | 24.964 | 25.044 | 25.123 | 25.202 | 25.281 | 25.360 | 25.440 | 25.519 | 25.598 | 25.678 | 25.757 |
400 | 28.946 | 29.026 | 29.106 | 29.186 | 29.266 | 29.346 | 29.427 | 29.507 | 29.587 | 29.667 | 29.747 |
450 | 32.965 | 33.045 | 33.126 | 33.207 | 33.287 | 33.368 | 33.449 | 33.529 | 33.610 | 33.691 | 33.772 |
500 | 37.005 | 37.086 | 37.167 | 37.248 | 37.329 | 37.410 | 37.491 | 37.572 | 37.653 | 37.734 | 37.815 |
550 | 41.053 | 41.134 | 41.215 | 41.296 | 41.377 | 41.457 | 41.538 | 41.619 | 41.700 | 41.781 | 41.862 |
600 | 45.093 | 45.174 | 45.255 | 45.335 | 45.416 | 45.497 | 45.577 | 45.658 | 45.738 | 45.819 | 45.900 |
650 | 49.116 | 49.196 | 49.276 | 49.356 | 49.436 | 49.517 | 49.597 | 49.677 | 49.757 | 49.837 | 49.917 |
700 | 53.112 | 53.192 | 53.272 | 53.351 | 53.431 | 53.510 | 53.590 | 53.670 | 53.749 | 53.829 | 53.908 |
750 | 57.080 | 57.159 | 57.238 | 57.317 | 57.396 | 57.475 | 57.554 | 57.633 | 57.712 | 57.791 | 57.870 |
800 | 61.017 | 61.096 | 61.174 | 61.253 | 61.331 | 61.409 | 61.488 | 61.566 | 61.644 | 61.723 | 61.801 |
850 | 64.922 | 65.000 | 65.077 | 65.155 | 65.233 | 65.310 | 65.388 | 65.465 | 65.543 | 65.621 | 65.698 |
900 | 68.787 | 68.863 | 68.940 | 69.017 | 69.094 | 69.171 | 69.247 | 69.324 | 69.401 | 69.477 | 69.554 |
910 | 69.554 | 69.631 | 69.707 | 69.784 | 69.860 | 69.937 | 70.013 | 70.090 | 70.166 | 70.243 | 70.319 |
920 | 70.319 | 70.396 | 70.472 | 70.548 | 70.625 | 70.701 | 70.777 | 70.854 | 70.930 | 71.006 | 71.082 |
930 | 71.082 | 71.159 | 71.235 | 71.311 | 71.387 | 71.463 | 71.539 | 71.615 | 71.692 | 71.768 | 71.844 |
940 | 71.844 | 71.920 | 71.996 | 72.072 | 72.147 | 72.223 | 72.299 | 72.375 | 72.451 | 72.527 | 72.603 |
950 | 72.603 | 72.678 | 72.754 | 72.830 | 72.906 | 72.981 | 73.057 | 73.133 | 73.208 | 73.284 | 73.360 |
960 | 73.360 | 73.435 | 73.511 | 73.586 | 73.662 | 73.738 | 73.813 | 73.889 | 73.964 | 74.040 | 74.115 |
970 | 74.115 | 74.190 | 74.266 | 74.341 | 74.417 | 74.492 | 74.567 | 74.643 | 74.718 | 74.793 | 74.869 |
980 | 74.869 | 74.944 | 75.019 | 75.095 | 75.170 | 75.245 | 75.320 | 75.395 | 75.471 | 75.546 | 75.621 |
990 | 75.621 | 75.696 | 75.771 | 75.847 | 75.922 | 75.997 | 76.072 | 76.147 | 76.223 | 76.298 | 76.373 |
°C | -10 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 |
-40 | -0.226 | -0.223 | -0.219 | -0.215 | -0.211 | -0.208 | -0.204 | -0.200 | -0.196 | -0.192 | -0.188 |
-30 | -0.188 | -0.184 | -0.180 | -0.175 | -0.171 | -0.167 | -0.163 | -0.158 | -0.154 | -0.150 | -0.145 |
-20 | -0.145 | -0.141 | -0.137 | -0.132 | -0.128 | -0.123 | -0.119 | -0.114 | -0.109 | -0.105 | -0.100 |
-10 | -0.100 | -0.095 | -0.091 | -0.086 | -0.081 | -0.076 | -0.071 | -0.066 | -0.061 | -0.056 | -0.051 |
0 | -0.051 | -0.046 | -0.041 | -0.036 | -0.031 | -0.026 | -0.021 | -0.016 | -0.011 | -0.005 | 0.000 |
°C | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
0 | 0.000 | 0.005 | 0.011 | 0.016 | 0.021 | 0.027 | 0.032 | 0.038 | 0.043 | 0.049 | 0.054 |
50 | 0.296 | 0.303 | 0.310 | 0.316 | 0.323 | 0.329 | 0.336 | 0.343 | 0.349 | 0.356 | 0.363 |
100 | 0.647 | 0.655 | 0.662 | 0.670 | 0.677 | 0.685 | 0.693 | 0.700 | 0.708 | 0.715 | 0.723 |
150 | 1.041 | 1.049 | 1.058 | 1.066 | 1.074 | 1.082 | 1.091 | 1.099 | 1.107 | 1.116 | 1.124 |
200 | 1.469 | 1.477 | 1.486 | 1.495 | 1.504 | 1.513 | 1.522 | 1.531 | 1.540 | 1.549 | 1.558 |
250 | 1.923 | 1.933 | 1.942 | 1.951 | 1.961 | 1.970 | 1.980 | 1.989 | 1.998 | 2.008 | 2.017 |
300 | 2.401 | 2.410 | 2.420 | 2.430 | 2.440 | 2.449 | 2.459 | 2.469 | 2.479 | 2.488 | 2.498 |
350 | 2.896 | 2.906 | 2.916 | 2.926 | 2.937 | 2.947 | 2.957 | 2.967 | 2.977 | 2.987 | 2.997 |
400 | 3.408 | 3.418 | 3.428 | 3.439 | 3.449 | 3.460 | 3.470 | 3.480 | 3.491 | 3.501 | 3.512 |
450 | 3.933 | 3.944 | 3.954 | 3.965 | 3.976 | 3.986 | 3.997 | 4.008 | 4.018 | 4.029 | 4.040 |
500 | 4.471 | 4.482 | 4.493 | 4.504 | 4.515 | 4.526 | 4.537 | 4.548 | 4.558 | 4.569 | 4.580 |
550 | 5.021 | 5.033 | 5.044 | 5.055 | 5.066 | 5.077 | 5.088 | 5.099 | 5.111 | 5.122 | 5.133 |
600 | 5.583 | 5.595 | 5.606 | 5.618 | 5.629 | 5.640 | 5.652 | 5.663 | 5.674 | 5.686 | 5.697 |
650 | 6.157 | 6.169 | 6.180 | 6.192 | 6.204 | 6.215 | 6.227 | 6.238 | 6.250 | 6.262 | 6.273 |
700 | 6.743 | 6.755 | 6.766 | 6.778 | 6.790 | 6.802 | 6.814 | 6.826 | 6.838 | 6.849 | 6.861 |
750 | 7.340 | 7.352 | 7.364 | 7.376 | 7.389 | 7.401 | 7.413 | 7.425 | 7.437 | 7.449 | 7.461 |
800 | 7.950 | 7.962 | 7.974 | 7.987 | 7.999 | 8.011 | 8.024 | 8.036 | 8.048 | 8.061 | 8.073 |
850 | 8.571 | 8.584 | 8.597 | 8.609 | 8.622 | 8.634 | 8.647 | 8.659 | 8.672 | 8.685 | 8.697 |
900 | 9.205 | 9.218 | 9.230 | 9.243 | 9.256 | 9.269 | 9.282 | 9.294 | 9.307 | 9.320 | 9.333 |
950 | 9.850 | 9.863 | 9.876 | 9.889 | 9.902 | 9.915 | 9.928 | 9.941 | 9.954 | 9.967 | 9.980 |
1000 | 10.506 | 10.519 | 10.532 | 10.546 | 10.559 | 10.572 | 10.585 | 10.599 | 10.612 | 10.625 | 10.638 |
1100 | 11.850 | 11.863 | 11.877 | 11.891 | 11.904 | 11.918 | 11.931 | 11.945 | 11.959 | 11.972 | 11.986 |
1200 | 13.228 | 13.242 | 13.256 | 13.270 | 13.284 | 13.298 | 13.311 | 13.325 | 13.339 | 13.353 | 13.367 |
1300 | 14.629 | 14.643 | 14.657 | 14.671 | 14.685 | 14.699 | 14.713 | 14.727 | 14.741 | 14.755 | 14.770 |
1400 | 16.040 | 16.054 | 16.068 | 16.082 | 16.097 | 16.111 | 16.125 | 16.139 | 16.153 | 16.167 | 16.181 |
1500 | 17.451 | 17.465 | 17.479 | 17.493 | 17.507 | 17.521 | 17.535 | 17.549 | 17.563 | 17.577 | 17.591 |
1600 | 18.849 | 18.863 | 18.877 | 18.891 | 18.904 | 18.918 | 18.932 | 18.946 | 18.960 | 18.974 | 18.988 |
1700 | 20.222 | 20.235 | 20.249 | 20.262 | 20.275 | 20.289 | 20.302 | 20.316 | 20.329 | 20.342 | 20.356 |
1750 | 20.877 | 20.890 | 20.902 | 20.915 | 20.928 | 20.940 | 20.953 | 20.965 | 20.978 | 20.990 | 21.003 |
°C | -10 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 |
-260 | -6.258 | -6.256 | -6.255 | -6.253 | -6.251 | -6.248 | -6.245 | -6.242 | -6.239 | -6.236 | -6.232 |
-250 | -6.232 | -6.228 | -6.223 | -6.219 | -6.214 | -6.209 | -6.204 | -6.198 | -6.193 | -6.187 | -6.180 |
-200 | -5.753 | -5.739 | -5.724 | -5.710 | -5.695 | -5.680 | -5.665 | -5.650 | -5.634 | -5.619 | -5.603 |
-150 | -4.865 | -4.844 | -4.823 | -4.802 | -4.780 | -4.759 | -4.737 | -4.715 | -4.693 | -4.671 | -4.648 |
-100 | -3.657 | -3.629 | -3.602 | -3.574 | -3.547 | -3.519 | -3.491 | -3.463 | -3.435 | -3.407 | -3.379 |
-50 | -2.153 | -2.120 | -2.087 | -2.054 | -2.021 | -1.987 | -1.954 | -1.920 | -1.887 | -1.853 | -1.819 |
-40 | -1.819 | -1.785 | -1.751 | -1.717 | -1.683 | -1.648 | -1.614 | -1.579 | -1.545 | -1.510 | -1.475 |
-30 | -1.475 | -1.440 | -1.405 | -1.370 | -1.335 | -1.299 | -1.264 | -1.228 | -1.192 | -1.157 | -1.121 |
-20 | -1.121 | -1.085 | -1.049 | -1.013 | -0.976 | -0.940 | -0.904 | -0.867 | -0.830 | -0.794 | -0.757 |
-10 | -0.757 | -0.720 | -0.683 | -0.646 | -0.608 | -0.571 | -0.534 | -0.496 | -0.459 | -0.421 | -0.383 |
0 | -0.383 | -0.345 | -0.307 | -0.269 | -0.231 | -0.193 | -0.154 | -0.116 | -0.077 | -0.039 | 0.000 |
°C | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
0 | 0.000 | 0.039 | 0.078 | 0.117 | 0.156 | 0.195 | 0.234 | 0.273 | 0.312 | 0.352 | 0.391 |
50 | 2.036 | 2.079 | 2.122 | 2.165 | 2.208 | 2.251 | 2.294 | 2.338 | 2.381 | 2.425 | 2.468 |
100 | 4.279 | 4.325 | 4.372 | 4.419 | 4.466 | 4.513 | 4.561 | 4.608 | 4.655 | 4.702 | 4.750 |
150 | 6.704 | 6.754 | 6.805 | 6.855 | 6.905 | 6.956 | 7.006 | 7.057 | 7.107 | 7.158 | 7.209 |
200 | 9.288 | 9.341 | 9.395 | 9.448 | 9.501 | 9.555 | 9.608 | 9.662 | 9.715 | 9.769 | 9.822 |
210 | 9.822 | 9.876 | 9.930 | 9.984 | 10.038 | 10.092 | 10.146 | 10.200 | 10.254 | 10.308 | 10.362 |
220 | 10.362 | 10.417 | 10.471 | 10.525 | 10.580 | 10.634 | 10.689 | 10.743 | 10.798 | 10.853 | 10.907 |
230 | 10.907 | 10.962 | 11.017 | 11.072 | 11.127 | 11.182 | 11.237 | 11.292 | 11.347 | 11.403 | 11.458 |
240 | 11.458 | 11.513 | 11.569 | 11.624 | 11.680 | 11.735 | 11.791 | 11.846 | 11.902 | 11.958 | 12.013 |
250 | 12.013 | 12.069 | 12.125 | 12.181 | 12.237 | 12.293 | 12.349 | 12.405 | 12.461 | 12.518 | 12.574 |
260 | 12.574 | 12.630 | 12.687 | 12.743 | 12.799 | 12.856 | 12.912 | 12.969 | 13.026 | 13.082 | 13.139 |
270 | 13.139 | 13.196 | 13.253 | 13.310 | 13.366 | 13.423 | 13.480 | 13.537 | 13.595 | 13.652 | 13.709 |
280 | 13.709 | 13.766 | 13.823 | 13.881 | 13.938 | 13.995 | 14.053 | 14.110 | 14.168 | 14.226 | 14.283 |
290 | 14.283 | 14.341 | 14.399 | 14.456 | 14.514 | 14.572 | 14.630 | 14.688 | 14.746 | 14.804 | 14.862 |
300 | 14.862 | 14.920 | 14.978 | 15.036 | 15.095 | 15.153 | 15.211 | 15.270 | 15.328 | 15.386 | 15.445 |
310 | 15.445 | 15.503 | 15.562 | 15.621 | 15.679 | 15.738 | 15.797 | 15.856 | 15.914 | 15.973 | 16.032 |
320 | 16.032 | 16.091 | 16.150 | 16.209 | 16.268 | 16.327 | 16.387 | 16.446 | 16.505 | 16.564 | 16.624 |
330 | 16.624 | 16.683 | 16.742 | 16.802 | 16.861 | 16.921 | 16.980 | 17.040 | 17.100 | 17.159 | 17.219 |
340 | 17.219 | 17.279 | 17.339 | 17.399 | 17.458 | 17.518 | 17.578 | 17.638 | 17.698 | 17.759 | 17.819 |
350 | 17.819 | 17.879 | 17.939 | 17.999 | 18.060 | 18.120 | 18.180 | 18.241 | 18.301 | 18.362 | 18.422 |
360 | 18.422 | 18.483 | 18.543 | 18.604 | 18.665 | 18.725 | 18.786 | 18.847 | 18.908 | 18.969 | 19.030 |
370 | 19.030 | 19.091 | 19.152 | 19.213 | 19.274 | 19.335 | 19.396 | 19.457 | 19.518 | 19.579 | 19.641 |
380 | 19.641 | 19.702 | 19.763 | 19.825 | 19.886 | 19.947 | 20.009 | 20.070 | 20.132 | 20.193 | 20.255 |
390 | 20.255 | 20.317 | 20.378 | 20.440 | 20.502 | 20.563 | 20.625 | 20.687 | 20.748 | 20.810 | 20.872 |